Java

Basic idea

Class-based object-oriented language for the JVM (Gosling, 1995). “Write once, run anywhere” via bytecode and a portable runtime; conservative evolution favouring backwards compatibility.

Key facts

• Year / creator: 1995, James Gosling at Sun.
• Paradigm: object-oriented + (since 8) functional bits (lambdas, streams).
• Typing: static, strong, nominal; type inference via var (Java 10+).
• VM: JVM; bytecode JIT-compiled by HotSpot / GraalVM.
• Memory: garbage-collected (G1, ZGC, Shenandoah).

Siblings

• c
• c 1
• cpp
• Erlang
• Go
• Haskell
• JavaScript
• Lua
• Racket
• risc v
• Rust
• TypeScript
• x86 Assembly