Organisational theory and motivation

Basic idea

Frameworks for analysing how to motivate people inside organisations. The two most-cited: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (lower needs must be met before higher ones become motivators) and Herzberg’s two-factor model (separating hygiene from motivators).

Key facts

• Maslow: physiological → safety → belonging → esteem → self-actualisation.
• Herzberg hygiene factors (absence ⇒ dissatisfaction): working conditions, relations, policies, supervision, salary.
• Herzberg motivators (presence ⇒ satisfaction): achievement, recognition, responsibility, work itself, advancement, growth.

Organisational theory consists of approaches to organisational analysis. Organisations are groups of individuals that are structured and managed to meet a need, or to pursue collective goals.

Some well known approaches are:

• Maslows Hierarchy of needs
• Hetzberg

Maslows Hierarchy of needs

Hertzberg two factor model

• Proposed by Frank Hertzberg
• Asked people to describe situations when they felt really good and really bad about their jobs.
• There are a set of factors in the workplace that cause satisfaction.
• And a seperate set of factors that cause dissatisfaction.
• Remedying the causes of dissatisfaction will not create satisfaction

Job dissatisfaction

• Working conditions
• Co-worker relations
• Policies and rules
• Supervisor quality
• Base wage,salary

Job satisfaction

• Achievement
• Recognition
• Responsibility
• Work itself
• Advancement
• Personal growth

Siblings

• How teams form & perform - Tuckman's team development model
• Individuals and Motivation
• Project management and leadership
• Team advantages/disadvantages
• Team structures
• Teams and teamwork